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The remainder of this essay creating tutorial is dependant upon a short sample 'divorce essay' (about 1,000 words).
To finished all with the associated tasks, it is easiest as soon as you have the sample essay in front of you.
A major change that has occurred inside of the Western family is really an increased incidence in divorce. Whereas on the past, divorce was a relatively rare occurrence, in recent times it has become pretty commonplace. This change is borne out clearly in census figures. For example thirty years ago in Australia, only a person marriage in ten ended in divorce; nowadays the figure is in excess of a person in three (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1996: p.45). A consequence of this change has become a substantial increase with the variety of solitary parent families as well as attendant problems that this brings (Kilmartin, 1997).
An important issue for sociologists, and indeed for all of society, is why these changes in marital patterns have occurred. During this essay I will seek to critically examine many different sociological explanations to the 'divorce phenomenon' and also consider the social policy implications that every single explanation carries with it. It will be argued that the most suitable explanations are to be found inside a broad socio-economic framework.
A single type of explanation for rising divorce has focused on changes in laws relating to marriage. For example, Bilton, Bonnett and Jones (1987) argue that increased rates of divorce do not necessarily indicate that families are now additional unstable. It is achievable, they claim, that there has always been a degree of marital instability. They suggest that changes inside the law have been significant, given that they have provided unhappily married couples with 'obtain into a legal alternative to pre-existent marital problems' (p.301). Bilton et al. therefore believe that changes in divorce rates is generally most advantageous explained in terms of changes around the legal method. The problem with this type of explanation however, is the fact it does not consider why these laws have changed inside of the earliest site. It could be argued that reforms to family law, likewise because the increased rate of divorce that has accompanied them, are the product of extra fundamental changes in society.
Another type of explanation is a particular that focuses precisely on these broad societal changes. For example, Nicky Hart (cited in Haralambos, 1995) argues that increases in divorce and marital breakdown are the result of economic changes that have affected the family. An individual example of these changes is the raised material aspirations of families, which Hart suggests has put pressure on each spouses to become wage earners. Women as a result have been forced to become the two homemakers and economic providers. According to Hart, the contradiction of these two roles has lead to conflict and this is the main cause of marital breakdown. It would appear that Hart's explanation cannot account for all cases of divorce - for example, marital breakdown is liable to occur in families where only the husband is working. Nevertheless, her solution, which is to relate changes in family relations to broader social forces, would seem to be to be a great deal more probing than a particular that looks only at legislative change.
The two explanations described higher than have very different implications for social policy, primarily in relation to how the problem of increasing marital instability may well be dealt with. Bilton et al. (1995) offer a legal explanation and hence would see the solutions also being determined on this domain. If rises in divorce are thought to be the consequence of liberal divorce laws, the obvious way to stem this rise is to make them less obtainable. This solution, a person imagines, would lead to your reduction in divorce statistics; however, it cannot really be held up as a genuine alternative to the problems of marital stress and breakdown in society. Indeed it would look to be a method directed extra at symptoms than addressing fundamental causes. Furthermore, the adventure of social workers, working on the area of family welfare suggests that restricting a couple's obtain to divorce would in some cases serve only to exacerbate current marital problems (Johnson, 1981). In those cases where violence is involved, the consequences could be tragic. Apart from all this, returning to way more restrictive divorce laws appears to be a resolution minimal favoured by Australians. (Harrison, 1990).
Hart (cited in Haralambos, 1995), composing from the Marxist-feminist position, traces marital conflict to changes while in the capitalist economic application and their resultant effect within the roles of men and women. It is difficult to know however, how these kinds of an analysis may well be translated into practical social policies. This is mainly because the Hart program would appear to require inside the initial area a radical restructuring belonging to the economic application. Whilst this may be desirable for some, it will not be achievable around the current political climate. Hart is right however, to suggest that substantially marital conflict may possibly be linked in some way to the economic circumstances of families. This is borne out in so many statistical surveys which exhibit consistently that rates of divorce are higher among socially disadvantaged families (McDonald, 1993). This situation suggests then that social policies really need to be geared to providing assistance and security for these variations of families. It is minor cause for optimism however, that in recent years governments of all persuasions have proven an increasing reluctance to fund social welfare programs of this kind.
It is difficult to offer a comprehensive explanation for your growing trend of marital breakdown; and it is even far more difficult to unearth solutions that may ameliorate the problems created by it. Clearly though, as I have argued during this essay, the best useful answers are to be found not inside a narrow legal framework, but within just a broader socio-economic an individual.
Finally, it is worth pointing out that, whilst we may appear to be living inside of a time of increased family instability, research suggests that historically, instability may have been the norm rather than the exception. As Bell and Zajdow (1997) point out, around the past, solitary parent and step families ended up further everyday than is assumed - although the disruptive influence then was not divorce, but the premature death of one particular or the two parents. This situation suggests that in studying the modern-day family, just one needs to employ a historical perspective, such as the possibility of searching to the past in searching for ways of dealing with problems during the existing.
References
Australian Bureau of Statistics (1996). Divorces, Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Printing Provider.
Bell, R. and G. Zajdow (1997) Family and household. In R. Jureidini, S. Kenny and M. Poole (eds). Sociology: Australian Connections. St Leonards. NSW: Allen and Unwin
Bilton, T. K. Bonnett and P. Jones (1987). Introductory Sociology. 2nd edition. London: MacMillan.
Haralambos, M. (1995). Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. 3rd edition. London: Bell and Hyman.
Harrison, M. (1995). Grounds for divorce. Family Matters. No 42 pp 34-35.
Johnson, V. (1981). The Last Resort: A Women's Refuge. Ringwood: Penguin.
Kilmartin, C. (1997). Children divorce and one-parent families. Family Matters. No. 48. ( Attainable On-line )
McDonald, P. (1993). Family Trends and Structure in Australia. Australian Family Briefings No 3. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies.